Category: PMTA

FDA Warns 61 Small Businesses for Selling Elf Bar

The U.S. Food and Drug Administartion has again issued warning letters to several small businesses for selling illegal vaping products.
The warning letters handed to 61 brick-and-mortar retailers cite the sale of disposable e-cigarette products marketed under the brand names Elf Bar/EB Design and Lava.
“These warning letters were a result of FDA’s ongoing monitoring of multiple surveillance systems to identify products that are popular among youth or have youth appeal,” the agency wrote in a release. “Findings from the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey found that more than 50 percent of youth who use e-cigarettes reported using the brand Elf Bar.
“In 2023, the manufacturer of Elf Bar began marketing the product under the name “EB Design.” In addition, the brand Lava was identified as popular or youth-appealing by the agency following review of retail sales data and emerging internal data from a survey among youth.”
According to the agency, the retailers receiving these warning letters sold or distributed e-cigarette products in the United States that lacked authorization from the FDA, in violation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Warning letter recipients are given 15 working days to respond with the steps they will take to correct the violation and to prevent future violations. Failure to promptly correct the violations can result in additional FDA actions such as an injunction, seizure, and/or civil money penalties.
To date, the FDA has issued more than 550 warning letters and more than 100 civil money penalty actions to retailers for the sale of unauthorized e-cigarettes. However, few retailers respond to the FDA’s actions.
March 26, 2024
Solicitor General Asks SCOTUS for Review of Ruling

The Office of the Solicitor General filed a petition for certiorari in the case of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration v. Wages & White Lion Investments LLC, asking the Supreme Court to review the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit’s en banc decision concluding that the FDA’s denial of some premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) was arbitrary and capricious.
According to the SG, a Supreme Court review of the Fifth Circuit’s decision is warranted because the court relied upon “legal theories that have been rejected by other courts of appeals that have reviewed materially similar FDA denial orders.”
At one level, the federal government’s decision to seek Supreme Court review is what one might expect, according to Reason. However, there is a circuit split on whether the FDA acted in an arbitrary and capricious fashion when it refused to consider certain materials submitted with PMTAs and departed from previous guidance it had given the industry. Most circuits to hear such claims turned them away.
The Fifth Circuit (along with the Eleventh Circuit) did not. Certiorari would thus be warranted to resolve the circuit split and remove any cloud over the FDA’s continuing ability to review (and deny) PMTAs for vaping products. Without Supreme Court review, vaping product manufacturers would be incentivized to seek review of any PMTA denials in the Fifth and Eleventh Circuits, which could undermine the FDA’s regulatory authority.
March 23, 2024
Altria set to Submit PMTA for Flavored Njoy Products

It seems U.S. regulators are prepared to accept premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) for some flavored vaping products other than tobacco from a brand that already has a marketing authorization for its tobacco-flavored products.
A marketing authorization for a fruit flavor would be unexpected from U.S. regulators. And giving a flavored-product authorization to a major tobacco company would likely cause an uproar from a majority of the vaping industry.
According to media reports, Altria Group is finalizing its submissions to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to sell Njoy vape products in blueberry and watermelon flavors, CEO Billy Gifford said Wednesday at the Consumer Analyst Group of New York (CAGNY) conference in Florida.
Altria is already waiting for action from the FDA on a menthol version, he said. The company said it hopes its plans to employ Bluetooth technology to prevent underage use in a way it hasn’t yet detailed will be enough to sway the regulatory agency that has yet to approve a flavored e-liquid vaping product in a flavor other than tobacco.
“We’ve demonstrated the age-gating restrictions are effective at preventing underage access in virtually all cases,” Gifford said, according to a transcript of the company’s webcast.
Altria plans to get its regular tobacco-flavored Njoy vape products into 100,000 stores in 2024, up from around 75,000 last year, with new packaging, Gifford said. He estimated that the international opportunity to sell heated tobacco and vape products is worth $35 billion to $50 billion.
After encouraging results from the launch of its larger-sized oral nicotine pouches, On! Plus, in Sweden, Altria plans to expand distribution there, and launch the On! Plus products in the U.K. this year, according to CFO Salvatore Mancuso.
February 22, 2024
SWT Global Asks 8th Circuit to Stay PMTA Denials

A Missouri-based maker of menthol-flavored e-liquids urged a federal appeals court to revive its application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to continue selling its products, saying the agency had not given it fair notice of what approval would require.
The appeal by SWT Global Supply Inc. is one of a slew of similar cases by e-cigarette companies in the wake of the FDA’s rule deeming e-cigarette products to be subject to the same law as combustible cigarettes and the agency’s subsequent denial of millions of premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) by manufacturers to sell their products, according to media reports. The question of whether the FDA acted fairly has already created a split among federal appeals courts.
Jerad Najvar, a lawyer for SWT, told a three-judge panel of the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that the FDA had denied SWT’s applications because the company had not presented a controlled trial or study showing that the menthol liquids can help adult smokers quit smoking as compared to tobacco-flavored liquids. He said the agency’s guidance gave no hint that it would require such a study for approval.
The question of whether the FDA acted fairly has already created a split among federal appeals courts. Most other appeals courts that have considered similar appeals by manufacturers over denied applications – including the D.C., 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 7th and 9th Circuits – have sided with the FDA. However, the 5th Circuit last month ordered the agency to reconsider the denial of two companies’ applications in a case also involving menthol-flavored products.
Jerad Najvar, a lawyer for SWT, told a three-judge panel of the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that the FDA had denied SWT’s applications because the company had not presented a controlled trial or study showing that the menthol liquids can help adult smokers quit smoking as compared to tobacco-flavored liquids. He said the agency’s guidance gave no hint that it would require such a study for approval.
Navjar said the lack of fair notice was particularly hard on small companies like SWT with limited resources. “A client like mine doesn’t have a lot of arrows in its quiver when it’s trying to fight a decision by a federal agency,” he said.
Catherine Padhi, a lawyer for the FDA, said that comparing products’ effectiveness to tobacco-flavored products was “a natural part of the risk-benefit analysis,” given that tobacco-flavored products have a “much-reduced risk of enticing children.” She also said that SWT could submit additional information to support its application.
February 16, 2024
FDA Denies Blu Marketing of 5 Flavored Products
Credit: Fontem US
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration continued its de-facto flavor ban and issued marketing denial orders (MDOs) to Fontem US LLC for four Blu disposables and one Myblu brand e-cigarette product.
The currently marketed products that received an MDO are:

Blu Disposable Menthol 2.4%
Blu Disposable Vanilla 2.4%
Blu Disposable Polar Mint 2.4%
Blu Disposable Cherry 2.4%
Myblu Menthol 1.2%
After reviewing the company’s premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs), the regulatory agency determined that the applications lacked sufficient evidence to demonstrate that permitting marketing of the products would be appropriate for the protection of the public health, which is the standard legally required by the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, according to a press note.
“The application lacked sufficient evidence regarding harmful and potentially harmful ingredients in the aerosol for one product and battery safety for several products,” the release states. “Additionally, the applicant did not present sufficient data demonstrating that the new products have a potential to benefit adult smokers, in terms of complete switching or significant cigarette use reduction, that would outweigh the risk to youth.”
While the FDA has approved 23 vaping products, none have been a flavored product. Last month, the agency also issued Fontem US, LLC MDOs for its Blu PLUS+ brand e-cigarette products. Fontem is expected to appeal the FDA decision.
February 5, 2024
U.S. FDA Warns 14 More Sellers of Flavored Vapes

Credit: Chris Titze Imaging
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has again issued warning letters to several small business owners for selling flavored disposable vaping products.
The regulatory agency issued letters to 14 online businesses for selling unauthorized e-cigarette products. The warning letters cite the sale of disposable e-cigarette products marketed under brand names, including Elf Bar/EB Design, Lava Plus, Funky Republic/Funky Lands, Lost Mary, Cali Bars, Cali Plus, and Kangvape.
“These warning letters were informed by FDA’s ongoing monitoring of multiple surveillance systems to identify products that are popular among youth or have youth appeal, an agency press release states. “Findings from the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey found that more than 50 percent of youth who use e-cigarettes reported using the disposable e-cigarette brand Elf Bar; in 2023, the manufacturer of Elf Bar began marketing the product under the name EB Design.”
In addition, the brands Lava Plus, Funky Republic/Funky Lands, Kangvape, Cali, and Breeze were identified as popular or youth-appealing by the agency following a review of retail sales data and emerging internal data from a survey among youth, according to the agency.
Retailers receiving warning letters sold or distributed e-cigarette products in the United States that lack marketing authorization from the FDA violate the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Warning letter recipients are given 15 working days to respond with the steps they will take to correct the violation and to prevent future violations. Failure to promptly correct the violations can result in additional FDA actions such as an injunction, seizure, and/or civil money penalties.
As of Jan. 30, 2024, FDA issued more than 440 warning letters and 88 CMPs to retailers for the sale of illegal e-cigarettes, including through a series of nationwide inspection efforts of brick-and-mortar retailers, according to the release.
Earlier this week, the FDA issued complaints for civil money penalties (CMPs) against 21 brick-and-mortar retailers for selling unauthorized Esco Bars e-cigarettes.
In a press release, the agency stated that it had previously issued each retailer a warning letter for their sale of unauthorized tobacco products. However, follow-up inspections revealed that the retailers had failed to correct the violations.
The agency now seeks the maximum penalty of $20,678 from each retailer.
February 1, 2024
Kaival Brands Appeals MDO of Tobacco Bidi Stick

A recent marketing denial order issued for a tobacco-flavored Bidi Stick only applies to one Bidi device. The company, Bidi Vapor, currently has 10 other flavors still in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) process.
Bidi Vapor’s “Classic” tobacco-flavored Bidi Stick ENDS device is the only product affected. Kaival Brands, parent to Bidi Vapor, holds the worldwide license to distribute products made by Bidi Vapor.
In response to the MDO, Bidi Vapor filed a petition requesting that the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit review the MDO, which Bidi Vapor believes was, among other things, “arbitrary and capricious, in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act.” Bidi Vapor will also be seeking a stay of the MDO pending the outcome of the litigation.
“Bidi Vapor disagrees with the FDA’s decision and is taking immediate action accordingly,” said Niraj Patel, the founder and CEO of Bidi Vapor and Chief Science Officer and founder of Kaival Brands. “In the meantime, it is important to note that the decision only affects the ‘Classic’ or tobacco-flavored Bidi Stick. The remaining ten Bidi Stick flavors are still under FDA scientific review and remain in distribution in the United States through Kaival Brands, subject to the FDA’s enforcement discretion.”
Bidi Vapor has a history of successful outcomes when contesting adverse FDA decisions, having received a favorable 11th Circuit ruling in August 2022 that set aside the original MDOs received for its 10 non-tobacco flavored products, according to a press release.
“While we are disappointed with the FDA’s decision, we are in close contact with Bidi Vapor and laser-focused on selling the Bidi Vapor products that we are permitted to,” said Barry Hopkins, executive chairman of Kaival Brands. “Like Bidi Vapor, we are fully committed to the legal and responsible use of our products. Moreover, we are committed to increasing Kaival Brands’ revenues by strengthening our existing business and also diversifying our product portfolio, as evidenced by the intellectual property we acquired in May 2023 from GoFire, Inc.”
January 29, 2024
FDA Issues MDO for Tobacco-Flavored Bidi Stick
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued a marketing denial order (MDO) to Bidi Vapor LLC for its Bidi Stick classic e-cigarette. The Bidi Stick is a closed-system, disposable, tobacco-flavored vaping device.
“FDA has a key role to protect the public from the dangers of tobacco use,” said Matthew Farrelly, director of the Office of Science within FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). “Integral to that role, our tobacco application review process relies on scientific evidence that demonstrates a product provides a net benefit to public health that outweighs the known risks. The science in this application did not show that.”
The company must not market or distribute this product in the United States or they risk FDA enforcement action. The company may submit a new application to the agency for review that addresses these deficiencies.
After reviewing the company’s PMTA, the FDA determined that the application lacked sufficient evidence to demonstrate that permitting marketing of the product would be appropriate for the protection of the public health, which is the standard legally required by the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, an FDA press release states. Specifically, evidence submitted by the applicant did not demonstrate an overall net benefit to people who use tobacco products and lacked sufficient evidence to address health risks.
“The Center has made considerable progress in reviewing the massive volume of tobacco product applications submitted to the agency, thanks to the tireless efforts of our dedicated legion of civil servant scientists,” said Brian King, director of the CTP. “The Center remains committed to processing submitted applications as expeditiously as possible while ensuring the utmost scientific integrity of the reviews.”
Kavial Brands, the manufacturer of Bidi Stick, is expected to appeal the decision.
China-based Shenzhen IVPS, the parent to SMOK brand vaping devices, filed an appeal with the New Orleans, Louisiana-based U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit after it received an MDO and was joined in the suit by a Dallas, Texas-based distributor of the SMOK products that were denied marketing.
on Jan. 3, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled that the FDA acted “arbitrarily and capriciously” in rejecting the premarket tobacco product applications (PMTA) of Wages and White Lion Investments, doing business as Triton Distribution, and Vapetasia for approval to sell their products in the United States.
The 9-5 decision by the New Orleans-based 5th U.S. Circuit reversed a July 2022 decision by a three-judge panel of that court.
The agency “sent manufacturers of flavored e-cigarette products on a wild goose chase,” telling them what would be needed to approve their products, and then denying all applications, the court said in an opinion by Judge Andrew S. Oldham. The FDA “never gave petitioners fair notice that they needed to conduct long-term studies on their specific flavored products,” Oldham wrote.
January 23, 2024
New PMTA Finish Date is June 30: FDA Status Report

Credit: Postmodern Studio
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration now states that it will complete all covered marketing applications by June 30. In its latest court-ordered status report, the agency stated that continued review is
necessary in light of recent judicial decisions, including the D.C. Circuit’s decision in Fontem US.
“Further, several of these remaining applications present complex scientific issues that require careful review and consideration.
In the Fontem case, the court’s unanimous decision in Fontem US v. FDA upheld the regulatory agency’s denial of Fontem’s application to market flavored vaping products, in line with prior D.C. Circuit precedent but rejected the FDA’s denial of Fontem’s applications for unflavored products.
The agency stated that it was also facing challenges from manufacturers that filed premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) that made amendments to their applications after several legal decisions were handed down by courts.
“Many of these amendments contain substantial data and scientific explanation,” the agency wrote. “The amendments range from a few pages to hundreds of pages and were received on a rolling basis, with the most recent 2023 amendment being filed in December 2023.”
Also, on Jan. 3, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled that the FDA acted “arbitrarily and capriciously” in rejecting the premarket tobacco product applications (PMTA) of Wages and White Lion Investments, doing business as Triton Distribution, and Vapetasia for approval to sell their products in the United States.
The 9-5 decision by the New Orleans-based 5th U.S. Circuit reversed a July 2022 decision by a three-judge panel of that court.
The agency “sent manufacturers of flavored e-cigarette products on a wild goose chase,” telling them what would be needed to approve their products, and then denying all applications, the court said in an opinion by Judge Andrew S. Oldham. The FDA “never gave petitioners fair notice that they needed to conduct long-term studies on their specific flavored products,” Oldham wrote.
The regulatory agency is under court order to file regular status reports on the agency’s review of pending PMTAs for new tobacco products that were on the market as of Aug. 8, 2016.
For such new tobacco products to be lawfully marketed in the United States, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act requires the FDA to complete a substantive review of the PMTA for each new tobacco product and issue a marketing granted order authorizing the sale of the product.
The court order stems from litigation filed by health groups against the FDA seeking a court-imposed deadline for finalizing the review of the PMTAs that were filed with the agency by Sept. 9, 2020.
The court-imposed deadline to complete the agency’s review was originally Sept. 9, 2021, which the FDA could not meet due to the extremely large number of PMTAs filed by manufacturers.
The most recent and FDA’s seventh status report was filed on Oct. 23, 2023. Specifically, in these reports, the FDA provides an update on the progress to finalize the agency’s review of pending PMTA “covered applications.”
A “covered application” is for new electronic cigarette/vapor products that were on the market as of Aug. 8, 2016, which had a PMTA filed with the FDA by Sept. 9, 2020, are sold under the brand names of Juul, Vuse, Njoy, Logic, Blu, Smok, Suorin, or Puff Bar, and reach 2 percent or more of the total retail sales volume in NielsenIQ’s various retail e-cigarette sales reports.
The agency also stated that it now expects to take action on 94 percent of covered applications by March 31. The FDA stated that it would file another status report on or before April 22.
January 22, 2024
VTA: CTP Continues ‘De-Facto’ Flavor Ban With MDOs
Tony Abboud, director of the Vapor Technology Association.
When the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) issued marketing denial orders (MDOs) for Suorin and Blu PLUS+ e-cigarette products, Tony Abboud, executive director of the Vapor Technology Association (VTA), said the decision was just the latest installment of the FDA and CTP’s efforts to implement its de-facto ban on e-cigarettes in the U.S.
“The constant refrain from CTP is that e-cigarette manufacturers are not providing ‘sufficient scientific evidence’ in their PMTAs, yet CTP refused to answer the Reagan-Udall Foundation’s most fundamental criticism of CTP’s entire regulatory process: that CTP has not clearly articulated what is required to prove what is appropriate for the protection of the public health (APPH) or how it is interpreting what is APPH,” Abboud stated in a release.
He stated that the FDA has failed to objectively define the APPH standard while simultaneously using it to deny marketing authorization to critical smoking cessation and harm-reduction products, which is a “gross overreach” for any governmental institution whose mandate is to follow the science.
“Courts have found that the process has become ‘arbitrary and capricious’ in practice, with CTP leadership choosing on a case-by-case basis how the standard ought to be defined,” he stated. “Meanwhile, companies are simply trying to do the right thing by complying with and adhering to the PMTA process set forth by the FDA.”
Abboud stated that the actions of the FDA and CTP do nothing to protect public health or help Americans who smoke. “VTA once again calls on CTP to reverse course on its misguided actions and restore scientific integrity to its regulatory and decision-making process. Enough is enough,” he wrote.
January 21, 2024