A new study concludes that 18 to 24 year old’s that use e-cigarettes did not use vaping as a gateway to smoking combustible cigarettes.
The report, published in the journal Addiction, examined e-cigarette use in England among young adults between 2007 and 2018, according to the Belfast Telegraph.
In the study, a team from University College London reviewed data for England from the Smoking Toolkit Study.
Lead author, Emma Beard, said the “findings suggest that the large gateway effects reported in previous studies can be ruled out, particularly among those aged 18 to 24.
“However, we cannot rule out a smaller gateway effect and we did not study younger age groups.” she said.
“If the upper estimates are true, we would estimate that of the 74,000 e-cigarette users aged 16 to 17 in England, around 7,000 would become ever regular smokers as a consequence of e-cigarette use.
“At the same time, approximately 50,000 smokers are estimated to quit per year as a consequence of e-cigarette use.”
Youth cigarette smoking rates in the United States are at historically low levels, with just 1.9 percent of high school students reporting current use of cigarettes, according to the National Youth Tobacco Survey 2021.
The NYTS found 2.55 million middle-school and high school students in the United States used tobacco products in 2021, according to figures released Thursday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the 2020 results, the agency estimated 4.5 million tobacco users among middle school and high school students nationally, down from 6.2 million in 2019.
If the report is accurate, tobacco use among teens nationally declined by more than 40 percent from 2020 to 2021. That would be largest decline in the history of the NYTS.
E-cigarettes were the most popular tobacco product among middle school and high school students in 2021, with an estimated 2 million users, the report found. Puff Bar was the popular brand. That is expected to change next year after Congress passed a rule the same day the study was released that gives the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authority over synthetic nicotine products. That rule requires manufacturers of synthetic nicotine products to file a premarket tobacco product application (PMTA) with the FDA within 90 days.
An estimated 400,000 of students in the middle-high school age range smoked traditional cigarettes, while approximately 380,000 used cigars. Roughly 240,000 used smokeless tobacco, while 220,000 used hookahs and 200,000 tried nicotine pouches, according to the report.
Although the CDC and the Food and Drug Administration “remain confident in our study results,” the survey was conducted online, the agencies have again said that this year’s results cannot be compared to previous years. However, both the 2019 and 2020 surveys were conducted primarily on school campuses, the agencies said.
A lawmaker in Ontario has reintroduced a bill to help prevent youth from taking up e-cigarettes. If passed, the bill would bump the legal age of selling products to 21, prohibit the promotion of vaping products, restrict sale to vape shops and require Ontario Health to do an annual report on vaping usage.
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The bill has earned praise from the Lung Health Association and the Canadian Cancer Society, which both say greater government oversight is required, according to CTV News. Both point to statistics from Health Canada that say the symptoms of vaping, or vaping-related illness, can include cough, fever, shortness of breath, chest pain, diarrhea and abdominal pain.
“We limit the sale of cannabis, we limit the sale to specialty stores only, we don’t sell cannabis in convenience stores or gas stations, but we sell cigarettes and vaping products in gas stations — that shouldn’t be done,” said Rob Cunningham of the Canadian Cancer Society.
The Canadian Vaping Association however says not so fast. It said the measures that are being introduced are short-sighted. Executive director Darryl Tempest said the problem is complex and the proposed legislation doesn’t target things like alcohol or tobacco.
“Vaping is far more effective to get people off combustible tobacco and it’s been proven seven years in a row from the Royal College of Physicians to be 95 per cent less harmful than smoking — where is that consideration in this legislation?” said Tempest.
He said the one thing we need to understand is that smoking, particularly combustible smoking, is the largest form of preventable death in the nation. According to his figures, there are more than four million smokers in Canada and 1.1 million have chosen a less harmful alternative.
Australian retail representative groups say an overhaul of vaping rules and regulations, alongside a crackdown on the supply of such products to minors, is necessary. The Australian Association of Convenience Stores (AACS), the Master Grocers Association (MGA), and the Australian Lottery and Newsagents Association (ALNA), released a joint statement criticizing the Commonwealth Government’s policy on vapes, claiming it is misguided, poorly designed, and failing the community.
Theo Foukkare, CEO AACS, said although the representative groups disagree with the current prescription model, they do not condone outlets disregarding the law and selling nicotine vaping products to anyone, especially children, according to a story in Convenience and Impulse Retailing.
“We are urging the federal government to consider an overhaul of vaping regulations as a matter of urgency, bringing us into line with the UK and New Zealand where adults – and only adults – can access vapes to help them quit smoking. But in the meantime, urgent enforcement action is needed against those supplying vapes to children,” he said.
The call for a crackdown on the supply of vapes to children comes following widespread reports of use of vapes in Queensland schools. “We would welcome a crackdown on those that are supplying vaping products to children, whether that’s online platforms like Facebook Marketplace or rogue bricks and mortar traders.
“It is clear that not enough is being done to prevent unscrupulous store owners and dodgy online retailers from selling all kinds of vaping products containing mysterious cocktails of ingredients to teens,” he said. The associations also noted an influx of ‘pop-up shops’ selling illicit tobacco products across south east Queensland over the last 18 months, with the majority also selling nicotine vapes. “These are clearly irresponsible retailers who should not be permitted to sell any tobacco of vaping products.”
A proposed solution could be the introduction of a low-cost licensing scheme in Queensland allowing only responsible retailers to deal in tobacco products and would provide a mechanism to shut down and punish those operating outside the law.
Nicotine vaping among U.S. adolescents was down significant in 2021, according to the most recent Monitoring the Future survey of substance use behaviors and related attitudes among eighth, 10th, and 12th graders in the United States.
Among eighth graders, 12.1 percent reported vaping nicotine in the past year in 2021, compared to 16.6 percent in 2020. Among 10th graders, 19.5 percent reported vaping nicotine in the past year in 2021, compared to 30.7 percent in 2020. For 12th graders, the share reporting nicotine vaping in 2021 was 26.6 percent, compared to 34.5 percent in 2020.
Youth cigarette smoking fell to record lows this year, with past-month smoking rates of 4.1 percent for 12th graders, 1.8 percent for 10th graders and 1.1 percent for eighth graders.
Youth consumption of alcohol and illicit substances declined as well. “We have never seen such dramatic decreases in drug use among teens in just a one-year period. These data are unprecedented and highlight one unexpected potential consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic, which caused seismic shifts in the day-to-day lives of adolescents,” said Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in a statement.
Despite the decrease in consumption, anti-vaping activists insisted that youth vaping remains a problem. “While this is a decline since youth e-cigarette rates peaked in 2019, it is nearly the same level as in 2018 (20.9 percent) when the U.S. Surgeon General, the FDA and other public health authorities declared youth e-cigarette use to be a public health epidemic,” said Matthew Myers, president of the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids in a statement.
The authors of the Monitoring the Future survey said this year’s results should be treated with caution due to the Covid-19 pandemic and remote learning. “Students who took the survey at home may not have had the same privacy or may not have felt as comfortable truthfully reporting substance use as they would at school, when they are away from their parents,” they noted.
Now-defunct e-cigarette retailer Eonsmoke and its co-owners have settled a lawsuit with the state of Massachusetts for selling nicotine vaping products to minors. Attorney General Maura Healey today announced that Eonsmoke has agreed to a settlement amount of $50 million, and owners Gregory Grishayev and Michael Tolmach will pay a total of $750,000. The terms of the consent judgment, pending court approval, orders Eonsmoke to end all sales, distribution, marketing, and advertising of any tobacco products to consumers in Massachusetts, according to a press release.
The settlement, filed today in Suffolk Superior Court against Eonsmoke, LLC and Grishayev and Tolmach, resolves allegations that the defendants directly targeted young people for sales of its vaping products through marketing and advertising intended to appeal to youth. Healey’s office also alleged that Eonsmoke failed to verify the age of online purchasers of its products—including electronic nicotine devices, e-liquids, and nicotine pods—and failed to ensure shipments of the products were received by a person 21 years or older, the state’s minimum legal sales age for smoking products.
“Eonsmoke coordinated a campaign that intentionally targeted young people and sold dangerous and addictive vaping products directly to minors through their website,” said Healey. “We were the first to take action against this company and its owners, and today we are holding them accountable and permanently stopping them from conducting these illegal practices in our state.”
Eonsmoke has agreed to a settlement amount of $50 million, and Grishayev and Tolmach will pay a total of $750,000. Eonsmoke ceased all operations and dissolved in 2020. According to the Healey’s complaint, filed in May 2019 and amended in November 2020 to include Defendants Grishayev and Tolmach, the defendants “willfully and repeatedly violated the state’s consumer protection law by using a marketing campaign that directly targeted underage consumers.”
Healey alleges that the defendants directly marketed “Eonsmoke vaping products to young people through social media sites such as Instagram, Snapchat, and YouTube, and included youth popular culture references, social media influencers, celebrity endorsers, cartoons, and internet memes that intentionally minimized or omitted the fact that the vaping products contained nicotine.”
In August of 2020, the Arizona Attorney General’s Office (AGO) obtained a $22.5 million judgment and a permanent injunction against the New Jersey-based vapor company Eonsmoke. The ruling could set a precedent for other states suing vapor companies over marketing practices.
Juul sued Grishayev and Tolmach for trademark infringement in 2018 claiming Eonsmoke illegally marketed its vaping pods as “Juul compatible,” complete with packaging that looked eerily similar to Juul’s. Rather than settle the case, Grishayev and Tolmach were accused of quietly stashing millions in corporate funds out of Juul’s reach — despite a federal judge having warned them last year not to touch the money “outside the ordinary course of business,” according to the New York Post.
“While purposefully using JUUL branding to confuse customers that its illicit products were somehow related to Juul Labs, Eonsmoke flooded the market with pods featuring inappropriate flavors and packaging made with unknown ingredients under unknown quality standards,” said Juul spokesperson Austin Finan at the time. “We will continue to enforce against illegal actors like Eonsmoke to help ensure the vapor category is comprised of companies focused on transitioning adult smokers from combustible cigarettes while following regulations and combatting underage use.”
New research suggests that flavored vaping products are much less harmful to young people than combustible cigarettes. They also have the potential to help current teen cigarette smokers quit.
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A new study from researchers at the University of East Anglia (UEA) reported the views and experiences of more than 500,000 youth under the age of 18. Lead researcher, Caitlin Notley, from UEA’s Norwich Medical School, said the study was conducted because there was a lot of concern that young people may start vaping because they are attracted to e-liquid flavors, and that it could potentially lead them to start smoking tobacco.
“We wanted to find out more about the links between vape flavors, the uptake of vaping among young people, and whether it leads to regular vaping and, potentially, tobacco smoking,” she said in a statement, adding that he research team studied all available evidence (58 studies) on the youth use of e-liquid flavors. “We found that flavored e-liquids are an important aspect of vaping that young people enjoy. This suggests that flavored products may encourage young people to switch away from harmful tobacco smoking towards less harmful vaping.”
Flavored vaping products also did not cause vapers to move on to combustible products, according to the study. may be an important motivator for e-cigarette uptake – but we found no evidence that using flavored e-liquids attracted young people to go on to take up tobacco smoking. “And we also found no adverse effects or harm caused by using liquid vape flavors,” Notley said. “However, there is also a need to monitor flavor use to ensure that young people who have never smoked are not attracted to taking up vaping.”
The team found that the overall quality of the evidence on use of e-cigarette flavors by young people was low. In particular, many studies did not clearly define e-liquid flavors and could not therefore be included within the review. The study was led by UEA in collaboration with researchers at University College London, the University of Bristol and University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust.
While nicotine vaping by youth takes the headlines, teen vaping of marijuana more than doubled between 2013 and 2020, according to a new study. Youth use of nicotine vaping products, however, dropped the past two years. The results may indicate that young people may be swapping out joints, pipes or bongs for vape pens, according to a new study.
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Researchers also found that adolescents who say they vaped cannabis within the last 30 days increased 7-fold — from 1.6% to 8.4% — during the same period. The report was published in JAMA Pediatrics on Monday by researchers who analyzed 17 studies involving nearly 200,000 adolescents in the U.S. and Canada.
Overall, they say, the cumulative data points to what may be a shift in preference from dried herb to cannabis oil products, which is how marijuana is ingested via vaping, according to NPR. This may be due to the more intense high that can be achieved by cannabis oils, which contain higher levels of THC, the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, and the “misconception” that vaping devices are safer than smoking.
“Regular use of high THC products could increase the risk of dependence, other substance use and many other health, social and behavioral problems later in life,” study author Carmen Lim, a doctoral candidate in health and behavioral sciences at the University of Queensland in Australia, told NPR.
The Monitoring the Future survey — a large U.S. survey on drug and alcohol use related attitudes in adolescents — is one of the 17 studies included in the new meta-analysis. Although it showed that marijuana use has remained relatively stable among 12th graders in the last few years, hovering around the 35 percent mark, the growing popularity of electronic pot vaping devices is alarming, Lim said.
A study released by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that youth use of e-cigarettes fell sharply in 2021, the second consecutive year of major declines, according to the government’s annual National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). An estimated more than 2 million U.S. middle and high school students reported currently using e-cigarettes in 2021, with more than 8 in 10 of those youth using flavored e-cigarettes.
The study shows that an estimated 11.3 percent (1.72 million) of high school students and an estimated 2.8 percent (320,000) of middle school students reported current e-cigarette use, lower than the 19.6 percent (high school) reported in 2020 and substantially lower than the 27.5 percent reported in 2019 (high school), according to previous FDA statements. Middle school vaping fell to 2.8 percent this year from 4.7 percent in 2020—a 40.4 percent decline. Middle school past 30-day vaping in 2020 fell 55.2 percent from 2019.
The report, published in the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, was based on data from the 2021 NYTS, a cross-sectional, self-administered survey of U.S. middle (grades 6–8) and high (grades 9–12) school students. The study assessed current (used on one or more of the past 30 days) e-cigarette use; frequency of use; and use by device type, flavors and usual brand.
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Among youth who currently used e-cigarettes, the study found the most commonly used e-cigarette device type was disposables (53.7 percent), followed by prefilled or refillable pods or cartridges (28.7 percent), and tanks or mod systems (9.0 percent). Some in the industry have pointed out that “for the record, past-30-day ever use was 7.6%. The real numbers are: Disposables: 4.1%, Pods or cartridges: 2.2%, Tanks or mod systems: 0.7%,” a vaping advocate (@phil_w888) tweeted.
The FDA and CDC are also being accused of using the data to further an anti-vaping agenda. The Consumer Advocates for Smoke-free Alternatives Association (CASAA) tweeted that “Past-month HS vaping declines dramatically–down 47% from 3.6 million to 1.72 million–with daily vaping down from 4.4% to around 3%. Yet the general public wouldn’t know that from the negative spin made by Public Health.”
Administered Jan. 18- May 21, 2021, thus NYTS was the first to be fully conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data were collected using an online survey to allow eligible students to participate in the classroom, at home or in some other place to account for various school settings during this time. Prior to the pandemic, the survey was conducted in person, inside the school classroom. Because of the changes in the way the survey was conducted this year, the FDA claims results of the 2021 NYTS cannot be compared to findings from previous surveys.
Robin Koval, president and chief executive of Truth Initiative, a nonprofit anti-nicotine advocacy group, emphasized that the sharp drop in youth vaping may be attributable to pandemic restrictions that kept youth at home. “Kids were not in school, they were not seeing friends,” Koval said. There was no mention of the drop from 2019 numbers that were measured before the Covid-19 pandemic began.
“These data highlight the fact that flavored e-cigarettes are still extremely popular with kids. And we are equally disturbed by the quarter of high school students who use e-cigarettes and say they vape every single day,” said Mitch Zeller, director of the FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products. “The FDA continues to take action against those who sell or target e-cigarettes and e-liquids to kids, as seen just this year by the denial of more than one million premarket applications for flavored electronic nicotine delivery system products. It is critical that these products come off the market and out of the hands of our nation’s youth.”
The state of Illinois passed two new laws this week aimed at making it harder for minors to access vaping products. The first law (Senate Bill 512) prohibits the use of cartoon characters, video game characters, and popular children’s media from advertisements for e-cigarettes. It also makes it harder to buy vaping products online. Buyers will now have to use a credit card or check in the buyer’s name.
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The second law (Senate Bill 555) amends the Substance Use Disorder Act to include vape shops. Adding vape shops allows the Illinois Department of Human Services to do compliance checks on the sale of e-cigarettes according to the minimum purchasing age of 21, according to B100. The legislation also allows underage individuals to test retailer’s compliance under the supervision of law enforcement as a part of a compliance check without violating tobacco laws.
You must be 21 in Illinois to buy e-cigarettes. Illinois Governor J.B. Pritzker signed the two bills into law on Tuesday. Both Senate Bills 512 and 555 will go into effect on January 1, 2022.
“This legislation will make our communities healthier places to live, and most importantly, will save lives. I’m proud that Illinois is taking yet another step toward protecting the health and safety of our young residents from tobacco and e-cigarettes and I want to thank Attorney General Raoul, our partners in the General Assembly, as well as the advocates and organizations for their work to make these laws possible,” Pritzker said in a statement.
